Cells in the exponential growth phase were harvested and seeded at a density of 4 × 103 cells per well into 96-well plates, followed by overnight incubation. The 96-well plate was filled with gradient dilutions of the NDC along with complete growth medium. Cells were incubated at 37 °C for 96 h. 20 uL of cell counting Kit-8 (Dojindo) was administered to the cells, which were then incubated at 37 °C for 4 h. After shaking the 96-well plates, absorbance was measured at 450 nm using an enzyme marker. Inhibition % = (1 - absorbance of experimental group) / average absorbance of blank group × 100. IC50 values were ascertained by non-linear regression analysis utilizing GraphPad Prism version 8.0.

Cells in the exponential growth phase were harvested and seeded at a density of 4 × 103 cells per well into 96-well plates, followed by overnight incubation. The 96-well plate was filled with gradient dilutions of the NDC along with complete growth medium. Cells were incubated at 37 °C for 96 h. 20 uL of cell counting Kit-8 (Dojindo) was administered to the cells, which were then incubated at 37 °C for 4 h. After shaking the 96-well plates, absorbance was measured at 450 nm using an enzyme marker. Inhibition % = (1 - absorbance of experimental group) / average absorbance of blank group × 100. IC50 values were ascertained by non-linear regression analysis utilizing GraphPad Prism version 8.0.