The ability of bis-intercalating peptide free drugs and ADCs to inhibit proliferation of tumor cells in vitro was evaluated using the following cell lines: OVCAR-3 (ovarian, ATCC), SKOV-3 (ovarian, ATCC), IGROV-1 (ovarian, national research council of Canada (NRC)), OV-90 (ovarian, ATCC), OVKATE (Ovarian, Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) (JCRB1044)), JIMT-1 (breast, NRC), SK-BR-3 (breast, ATCC), T-47D (breast, ATCC), ZR-75-1 (breast, ATCC), MDA-MB-468 (breast, AddexBio), BT-20 (breast, ATCC), BT-474 (breast, NRC), MDA-MB-175 (breast, AddexBio), A549 (lung, collaborator), NCI-H226 (lung, NRC), NCI-H661 (lung, NRC), NCI-H1573 (lung, ATCC). NCI-H1563 (lung, ATCC), H358 (lung, collaborator), EBC-1 (lung, Xenotech), H1299 (lung, NRC), NCI-H292 (lung, ATCC), HCC817 (lung, ATCC), NCI-H441 (lung, ATCC), MIA-PaCa-2 (pancreatic, ATCC), BxPC-3 (pancreatic, ATCC), Panc-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), AsPC-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), JEG-3 (placenta, AddexBio), HT-29 (colon, ATCC). Cells cultured (per vendor instructions) in log-phase growth were detached by brief incubation in 0.05% trypsin and resuspended in respective culturing media at 20,000 cells/mL (except for ZR-75 cells, which were resuspended at 10,000 cells/mL). 50 uL/well (~1000 cells/well) were transferred to sterile tissue culture (TC)-treated 384-well plates (ThermoFisher Scientific, Catalogue # 164610) and incubated overnight at 37 °C with 5% CO2 to allow the cells to adhere to the plate surface. The next day, in a sterile, V-bottom, 96-well plate, test articles were titrated 1:3 in complete growth medium, creating a 10-point dose response titration with compounds at 3.5-times the desired final concentration. A total of 20 uL from each dilution was added to the 384-well plate containing the seeded cells, and these plates were incubated at 37 °C with 5% CO2 for 5 nights. Cell viability was quantified by first incubating with 15 uL/well of CellTiter-Glo (Promega, Catalogue # G7572) for 30 min and then measuring luminescence with a microplate luminometer (BioTek Synergy H1 Microplate Reader). IC50 values were determined by GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software, Sand Diego, CA).

The ability of bis-intercalating peptide free drugs and ADCs to inhibit proliferation of tumor cells in vitro was evaluated using the following cell lines: OVCAR-3 (ovarian, ATCC), SKOV-3 (ovarian, ATCC), IGROV-1 (ovarian, national research council of Canada (NRC)), OV-90 (ovarian, ATCC), OVKATE (Ovarian, Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) (JCRB1044)), JIMT-1 (breast, NRC), SK-BR-3 (breast, ATCC), T-47D (breast, ATCC), ZR-75-1 (breast, ATCC), MDA-MB-468 (breast, AddexBio), BT-20 (breast, ATCC), BT-474 (breast, NRC), MDA-MB-175 (breast, AddexBio), A549 (lung, collaborator), NCI-H226 (lung, NRC), NCI-H661 (lung, NRC), NCI-H1573 (lung, ATCC). NCI-H1563 (lung, ATCC), H358 (lung, collaborator), EBC-1 (lung, Xenotech), H1299 (lung, NRC), NCI-H292 (lung, ATCC), HCC817 (lung, ATCC), NCI-H441 (lung, ATCC), MIA-PaCa-2 (pancreatic, ATCC), BxPC-3 (pancreatic, ATCC), Panc-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), AsPC-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), JEG-3 (placenta, AddexBio), HT-29 (colon, ATCC). Cells cultured (per vendor instructions) in log-phase growth were detached by brief incubation in 0.05% trypsin and resuspended in respective culturing media at 20,000 cells/mL (except for ZR-75 cells, which were resuspended at 10,000 cells/mL). 50 uL/well (~1000 cells/well) were transferred to sterile tissue culture (TC)-treated 384-well plates (ThermoFisher Scientific, Catalogue # 164610) and incubated overnight at 37 °C with 5% CO2 to allow the cells to adhere to the plate surface. The next day, in a sterile, V-bottom, 96-well plate, test articles were titrated 1:3 in complete growth medium, creating a 10-point dose response titration with compounds at 3.5-times the desired final concentration. A total of 20 uL from each dilution was added to the 384-well plate containing the seeded cells, and these plates were incubated at 37 °C with 5% CO2 for 5 nights. Cell viability was quantified by first incubating with 15 uL/well of CellTiter-Glo (Promega, Catalogue # G7572) for 30 min and then measuring luminescence with a microplate luminometer (BioTek Synergy H1 Microplate Reader). IC50 values were determined by GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software, Sand Diego, CA).

The ability of bis-intercalating peptide free drugs and ADCs to inhibit proliferation of tumor cells in vitro was evaluated using the following cell lines: OVCAR-3 (ovarian, ATCC), SKOV-3 (ovarian, ATCC), IGROV-1 (ovarian, national research council of Canada (NRC)), OV-90 (ovarian, ATCC), OVKATE (Ovarian, Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) (JCRB1044)), JIMT-1 (breast, NRC), SK-BR-3 (breast, ATCC), T-47D (breast, ATCC), ZR-75-1 (breast, ATCC), MDA-MB-468 (breast, AddexBio), BT-20 (breast, ATCC), BT-474 (breast, NRC), MDA-MB-175 (breast, AddexBio), A549 (lung, collaborator), NCI-H226 (lung, NRC), NCI-H661 (lung, NRC), NCI-H1573 (lung, ATCC). NCI-H1563 (lung, ATCC), H358 (lung, collaborator), EBC-1 (lung, Xenotech), H1299 (lung, NRC), NCI-H292 (lung, ATCC), HCC817 (lung, ATCC), NCI-H441 (lung, ATCC), MIA-PaCa-2 (pancreatic, ATCC), BxPC-3 (pancreatic, ATCC), Panc-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), AsPC-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), JEG-3 (placenta, AddexBio), HT-29 (colon, ATCC). Cells cultured (per vendor instructions) in log-phase growth were detached by brief incubation in 0.05% trypsin and resuspended in respective culturing media at 20,000 cells/mL (except for ZR-75 cells, which were resuspended at 10,000 cells/mL). 50 uL/well (~1000 cells/well) were transferred to sterile tissue culture (TC)-treated 384-well plates (ThermoFisher Scientific, Catalogue # 164610) and incubated overnight at 37 °C with 5% CO2 to allow the cells to adhere to the plate surface. The next day, in a sterile, V-bottom, 96-well plate, test articles were titrated 1:3 in complete growth medium, creating a 10-point dose response titration with compounds at 3.5-times the desired final concentration. A total of 20 uL from each dilution was added to the 384-well plate containing the seeded cells, and these plates were incubated at 37 °C with 5% CO2 for 5 nights. Cell viability was quantified by first incubating with 15 uL/well of CellTiter-Glo (Promega, Catalogue # G7572) for 30 min and then measuring luminescence with a microplate luminometer (BioTek Synergy H1 Microplate Reader). IC50 values were determined by GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software, Sand Diego, CA).

The ability of bis-intercalating peptide free drugs and ADCs to inhibit proliferation of tumor cells in vitro was evaluated using the following cell lines: OVCAR-3 (ovarian, ATCC), SKOV-3 (ovarian, ATCC), IGROV-1 (ovarian, national research council of Canada (NRC)), OV-90 (ovarian, ATCC), OVKATE (Ovarian, Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) (JCRB1044)), JIMT-1 (breast, NRC), SK-BR-3 (breast, ATCC), T-47D (breast, ATCC), ZR-75-1 (breast, ATCC), MDA-MB-468 (breast, AddexBio), BT-20 (breast, ATCC), BT-474 (breast, NRC), MDA-MB-175 (breast, AddexBio), A549 (lung, collaborator), NCI-H226 (lung, NRC), NCI-H661 (lung, NRC), NCI-H1573 (lung, ATCC). NCI-H1563 (lung, ATCC), H358 (lung, collaborator), EBC-1 (lung, Xenotech), H1299 (lung, NRC), NCI-H292 (lung, ATCC), HCC817 (lung, ATCC), NCI-H441 (lung, ATCC), MIA-PaCa-2 (pancreatic, ATCC), BxPC-3 (pancreatic, ATCC), Panc-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), AsPC-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), JEG-3 (placenta, AddexBio), HT-29 (colon, ATCC). Cells cultured (per vendor instructions) in log-phase growth were detached by brief incubation in 0.05% trypsin and resuspended in respective culturing media at 20,000 cells/mL (except for ZR-75 cells, which were resuspended at 10,000 cells/mL). 50 uL/well (~1000 cells/well) were transferred to sterile tissue culture (TC)-treated 384-well plates (ThermoFisher Scientific, Catalogue # 164610) and incubated overnight at 37 °C with 5% CO2 to allow the cells to adhere to the plate surface. The next day, in a sterile, V-bottom, 96-well plate, test articles were titrated 1:3 in complete growth medium, creating a 10-point dose response titration with compounds at 3.5-times the desired final concentration. A total of 20 uL from each dilution was added to the 384-well plate containing the seeded cells, and these plates were incubated at 37 °C with 5% CO2 for 5 nights. Cell viability was quantified by first incubating with 15 uL/well of CellTiter-Glo (Promega, Catalogue # G7572) for 30 min and then measuring luminescence with a microplate luminometer (BioTek Synergy H1 Microplate Reader). IC50 values were determined by GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software, Sand Diego, CA).

The ability of bis-intercalating peptide free drugs and ADCs to inhibit proliferation of tumor cells in vitro was evaluated using the following cell lines: OVCAR-3 (ovarian, ATCC), SKOV-3 (ovarian, ATCC), IGROV-1 (ovarian, national research council of Canada (NRC)), OV-90 (ovarian, ATCC), OVKATE (Ovarian, Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) (JCRB1044)), JIMT-1 (breast, NRC), SK-BR-3 (breast, ATCC), T-47D (breast, ATCC), ZR-75-1 (breast, ATCC), MDA-MB-468 (breast, AddexBio), BT-20 (breast, ATCC), BT-474 (breast, NRC), MDA-MB-175 (breast, AddexBio), A549 (lung, collaborator), NCI-H226 (lung, NRC), NCI-H661 (lung, NRC), NCI-H1573 (lung, ATCC). NCI-H1563 (lung, ATCC), H358 (lung, collaborator), EBC-1 (lung, Xenotech), H1299 (lung, NRC), NCI-H292 (lung, ATCC), HCC817 (lung, ATCC), NCI-H441 (lung, ATCC), MIA-PaCa-2 (pancreatic, ATCC), BxPC-3 (pancreatic, ATCC), Panc-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), AsPC-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), JEG-3 (placenta, AddexBio), HT-29 (colon, ATCC). Cells cultured (per vendor instructions) in log-phase growth were detached by brief incubation in 0.05% trypsin and resuspended in respective culturing media at 20,000 cells/mL (except for ZR-75 cells, which were resuspended at 10,000 cells/mL). 50 uL/well (~1000 cells/well) were transferred to sterile tissue culture (TC)-treated 384-well plates (ThermoFisher Scientific, Catalogue # 164610) and incubated overnight at 37 °C with 5% CO2 to allow the cells to adhere to the plate surface. The next day, in a sterile, V-bottom, 96-well plate, test articles were titrated 1:3 in complete growth medium, creating a 10-point dose response titration with compounds at 3.5-times the desired final concentration. A total of 20 uL from each dilution was added to the 384-well plate containing the seeded cells, and these plates were incubated at 37 °C with 5% CO2 for 5 nights. Cell viability was quantified by first incubating with 15 uL/well of CellTiter-Glo (Promega, Catalogue # G7572) for 30 min and then measuring luminescence with a microplate luminometer (BioTek Synergy H1 Microplate Reader). IC50 values were determined by GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software, Sand Diego, CA).

The ability of bis-intercalating peptide free drugs and ADCs to inhibit proliferation of tumor cells in vitro was evaluated using the following cell lines: OVCAR-3 (ovarian, ATCC), SKOV-3 (ovarian, ATCC), IGROV-1 (ovarian, national research council of Canada (NRC)), OV-90 (ovarian, ATCC), OVKATE (Ovarian, Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) (JCRB1044)), JIMT-1 (breast, NRC), SK-BR-3 (breast, ATCC), T-47D (breast, ATCC), ZR-75-1 (breast, ATCC), MDA-MB-468 (breast, AddexBio), BT-20 (breast, ATCC), BT-474 (breast, NRC), MDA-MB-175 (breast, AddexBio), A549 (lung, collaborator), NCI-H226 (lung, NRC), NCI-H661 (lung, NRC), NCI-H1573 (lung, ATCC). NCI-H1563 (lung, ATCC), H358 (lung, collaborator), EBC-1 (lung, Xenotech), H1299 (lung, NRC), NCI-H292 (lung, ATCC), HCC817 (lung, ATCC), NCI-H441 (lung, ATCC), MIA-PaCa-2 (pancreatic, ATCC), BxPC-3 (pancreatic, ATCC), Panc-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), AsPC-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), JEG-3 (placenta, AddexBio), HT-29 (colon, ATCC). Cells cultured (per vendor instructions) in log-phase growth were detached by brief incubation in 0.05% trypsin and resuspended in respective culturing media at 20,000 cells/mL (except for ZR-75 cells, which were resuspended at 10,000 cells/mL). 50 uL/well (~1000 cells/well) were transferred to sterile tissue culture (TC)-treated 384-well plates (ThermoFisher Scientific, Catalogue # 164610) and incubated overnight at 37 °C with 5% CO2 to allow the cells to adhere to the plate surface. The next day, in a sterile, V-bottom, 96-well plate, test articles were titrated 1:3 in complete growth medium, creating a 10-point dose response titration with compounds at 3.5-times the desired final concentration. A total of 20 uL from each dilution was added to the 384-well plate containing the seeded cells, and these plates were incubated at 37 °C with 5% CO2 for 5 nights. Cell viability was quantified by first incubating with 15 uL/well of CellTiter-Glo (Promega, Catalogue # G7572) for 30 min and then measuring luminescence with a microplate luminometer (BioTek Synergy H1 Microplate Reader). IC50 values were determined by GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software, Sand Diego, CA).

The ability of bis-intercalating peptide free drugs and ADCs to inhibit proliferation of tumor cells in vitro was evaluated using the following cell lines: OVCAR-3 (ovarian, ATCC), SKOV-3 (ovarian, ATCC), IGROV-1 (ovarian, national research council of Canada (NRC)), OV-90 (ovarian, ATCC), OVKATE (Ovarian, Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) (JCRB1044)), JIMT-1 (breast, NRC), SK-BR-3 (breast, ATCC), T-47D (breast, ATCC), ZR-75-1 (breast, ATCC), MDA-MB-468 (breast, AddexBio), BT-20 (breast, ATCC), BT-474 (breast, NRC), MDA-MB-175 (breast, AddexBio), A549 (lung, collaborator), NCI-H226 (lung, NRC), NCI-H661 (lung, NRC), NCI-H1573 (lung, ATCC). NCI-H1563 (lung, ATCC), H358 (lung, collaborator), EBC-1 (lung, Xenotech), H1299 (lung, NRC), NCI-H292 (lung, ATCC), HCC817 (lung, ATCC), NCI-H441 (lung, ATCC), MIA-PaCa-2 (pancreatic, ATCC), BxPC-3 (pancreatic, ATCC), Panc-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), AsPC-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), JEG-3 (placenta, AddexBio), HT-29 (colon, ATCC). Cells cultured (per vendor instructions) in log-phase growth were detached by brief incubation in 0.05% trypsin and resuspended in respective culturing media at 20,000 cells/mL (except for ZR-75 cells, which were resuspended at 10,000 cells/mL). 50 uL/well (~1000 cells/well) were transferred to sterile tissue culture (TC)-treated 384-well plates (ThermoFisher Scientific, Catalogue # 164610) and incubated overnight at 37 °C with 5% CO2 to allow the cells to adhere to the plate surface. The next day, in a sterile, V-bottom, 96-well plate, test articles were titrated 1:3 in complete growth medium, creating a 10-point dose response titration with compounds at 3.5-times the desired final concentration. A total of 20 uL from each dilution was added to the 384-well plate containing the seeded cells, and these plates were incubated at 37 °C with 5% CO2 for 5 nights. Cell viability was quantified by first incubating with 15 uL/well of CellTiter-Glo (Promega, Catalogue # G7572) for 30 min and then measuring luminescence with a microplate luminometer (BioTek Synergy H1 Microplate Reader). IC50 values were determined by GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software, Sand Diego, CA).

The ability of bis-intercalating peptide free drugs and ADCs to inhibit proliferation of tumor cells in vitro was evaluated using the following cell lines: OVCAR-3 (ovarian, ATCC), SKOV-3 (ovarian, ATCC), IGROV-1 (ovarian, national research council of Canada (NRC)), OV-90 (ovarian, ATCC), OVKATE (Ovarian, Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) (JCRB1044)), JIMT-1 (breast, NRC), SK-BR-3 (breast, ATCC), T-47D (breast, ATCC), ZR-75-1 (breast, ATCC), MDA-MB-468 (breast, AddexBio), BT-20 (breast, ATCC), BT-474 (breast, NRC), MDA-MB-175 (breast, AddexBio), A549 (lung, collaborator), NCI-H226 (lung, NRC), NCI-H661 (lung, NRC), NCI-H1573 (lung, ATCC). NCI-H1563 (lung, ATCC), H358 (lung, collaborator), EBC-1 (lung, Xenotech), H1299 (lung, NRC), NCI-H292 (lung, ATCC), HCC817 (lung, ATCC), NCI-H441 (lung, ATCC), MIA-PaCa-2 (pancreatic, ATCC), BxPC-3 (pancreatic, ATCC), Panc-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), AsPC-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), JEG-3 (placenta, AddexBio), HT-29 (colon, ATCC). Cells cultured (per vendor instructions) in log-phase growth were detached by brief incubation in 0.05% trypsin and resuspended in respective culturing media at 20,000 cells/mL (except for ZR-75 cells, which were resuspended at 10,000 cells/mL). 50 uL/well (~1000 cells/well) were transferred to sterile tissue culture (TC)-treated 384-well plates (ThermoFisher Scientific, Catalogue # 164610) and incubated overnight at 37 °C with 5% CO2 to allow the cells to adhere to the plate surface. The next day, in a sterile, V-bottom, 96-well plate, test articles were titrated 1:3 in complete growth medium, creating a 10-point dose response titration with compounds at 3.5-times the desired final concentration. A total of 20 uL from each dilution was added to the 384-well plate containing the seeded cells, and these plates were incubated at 37 °C with 5% CO2 for 5 nights. Cell viability was quantified by first incubating with 15 uL/well of CellTiter-Glo (Promega, Catalogue # G7572) for 30 min and then measuring luminescence with a microplate luminometer (BioTek Synergy H1 Microplate Reader). IC50 values were determined by GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software, Sand Diego, CA).

The ability of bis-intercalating peptide free drugs and ADCs to inhibit proliferation of tumor cells in vitro was evaluated using the following cell lines: OVCAR-3 (ovarian, ATCC), SKOV-3 (ovarian, ATCC), IGROV-1 (ovarian, national research council of Canada (NRC)), OV-90 (ovarian, ATCC), OVKATE (Ovarian, Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) (JCRB1044)), JIMT-1 (breast, NRC), SK-BR-3 (breast, ATCC), T-47D (breast, ATCC), ZR-75-1 (breast, ATCC), MDA-MB-468 (breast, AddexBio), BT-20 (breast, ATCC), BT-474 (breast, NRC), MDA-MB-175 (breast, AddexBio), A549 (lung, collaborator), NCI-H226 (lung, NRC), NCI-H661 (lung, NRC), NCI-H1573 (lung, ATCC). NCI-H1563 (lung, ATCC), H358 (lung, collaborator), EBC-1 (lung, Xenotech), H1299 (lung, NRC), NCI-H292 (lung, ATCC), HCC817 (lung, ATCC), NCI-H441 (lung, ATCC), MIA-PaCa-2 (pancreatic, ATCC), BxPC-3 (pancreatic, ATCC), Panc-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), AsPC-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), JEG-3 (placenta, AddexBio), HT-29 (colon, ATCC). Cells cultured (per vendor instructions) in log-phase growth were detached by brief incubation in 0.05% trypsin and resuspended in respective culturing media at 20,000 cells/mL (except for ZR-75 cells, which were resuspended at 10,000 cells/mL). 50 uL/well (~1000 cells/well) were transferred to sterile tissue culture (TC)-treated 384-well plates (ThermoFisher Scientific, Catalogue # 164610) and incubated overnight at 37 °C with 5% CO2 to allow the cells to adhere to the plate surface. The next day, in a sterile, V-bottom, 96-well plate, test articles were titrated 1:3 in complete growth medium, creating a 10-point dose response titration with compounds at 3.5-times the desired final concentration. A total of 20 uL from each dilution was added to the 384-well plate containing the seeded cells, and these plates were incubated at 37 °C with 5% CO2 for 5 nights. Cell viability was quantified by first incubating with 15 uL/well of CellTiter-Glo (Promega, Catalogue # G7572) for 30 min and then measuring luminescence with a microplate luminometer (BioTek Synergy H1 Microplate Reader). IC50 values were determined by GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software, Sand Diego, CA).

The ability of bis-intercalating peptide free drugs and ADCs to inhibit proliferation of tumor cells in vitro was evaluated using the following cell lines: OVCAR-3 (ovarian, ATCC), SKOV-3 (ovarian, ATCC), IGROV-1 (ovarian, national research council of Canada (NRC)), OV-90 (ovarian, ATCC), OVKATE (Ovarian, Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) (JCRB1044)), JIMT-1 (breast, NRC), SK-BR-3 (breast, ATCC), T-47D (breast, ATCC), ZR-75-1 (breast, ATCC), MDA-MB-468 (breast, AddexBio), BT-20 (breast, ATCC), BT-474 (breast, NRC), MDA-MB-175 (breast, AddexBio), A549 (lung, collaborator), NCI-H226 (lung, NRC), NCI-H661 (lung, NRC), NCI-H1573 (lung, ATCC). NCI-H1563 (lung, ATCC), H358 (lung, collaborator), EBC-1 (lung, Xenotech), H1299 (lung, NRC), NCI-H292 (lung, ATCC), HCC817 (lung, ATCC), NCI-H441 (lung, ATCC), MIA-PaCa-2 (pancreatic, ATCC), BxPC-3 (pancreatic, ATCC), Panc-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), AsPC-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), JEG-3 (placenta, AddexBio), HT-29 (colon, ATCC). Cells cultured (per vendor instructions) in log-phase growth were detached by brief incubation in 0.05% trypsin and resuspended in respective culturing media at 20,000 cells/mL (except for ZR-75 cells, which were resuspended at 10,000 cells/mL). 50 uL/well (~1000 cells/well) were transferred to sterile tissue culture (TC)-treated 384-well plates (ThermoFisher Scientific, Catalogue # 164610) and incubated overnight at 37 °C with 5% CO2 to allow the cells to adhere to the plate surface. The next day, in a sterile, V-bottom, 96-well plate, test articles were titrated 1:3 in complete growth medium, creating a 10-point dose response titration with compounds at 3.5-times the desired final concentration. A total of 20 uL from each dilution was added to the 384-well plate containing the seeded cells, and these plates were incubated at 37 °C with 5% CO2 for 5 nights. Cell viability was quantified by first incubating with 15 uL/well of CellTiter-Glo (Promega, Catalogue # G7572) for 30 min and then measuring luminescence with a microplate luminometer (BioTek Synergy H1 Microplate Reader). IC50 values were determined by GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software, Sand Diego, CA).

The ability of bis-intercalating peptide free drugs and ADCs to inhibit proliferation of tumor cells in vitro was evaluated using the following cell lines: OVCAR-3 (ovarian, ATCC), SKOV-3 (ovarian, ATCC), IGROV-1 (ovarian, national research council of Canada (NRC)), OV-90 (ovarian, ATCC), OVKATE (Ovarian, Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) (JCRB1044)), JIMT-1 (breast, NRC), SK-BR-3 (breast, ATCC), T-47D (breast, ATCC), ZR-75-1 (breast, ATCC), MDA-MB-468 (breast, AddexBio), BT-20 (breast, ATCC), BT-474 (breast, NRC), MDA-MB-175 (breast, AddexBio), A549 (lung, collaborator), NCI-H226 (lung, NRC), NCI-H661 (lung, NRC), NCI-H1573 (lung, ATCC). NCI-H1563 (lung, ATCC), H358 (lung, collaborator), EBC-1 (lung, Xenotech), H1299 (lung, NRC), NCI-H292 (lung, ATCC), HCC817 (lung, ATCC), NCI-H441 (lung, ATCC), MIA-PaCa-2 (pancreatic, ATCC), BxPC-3 (pancreatic, ATCC), Panc-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), AsPC-1 (pancreatic, ATCC), JEG-3 (placenta, AddexBio), HT-29 (colon, ATCC). Cells cultured (per vendor instructions) in log-phase growth were detached by brief incubation in 0.05% trypsin and resuspended in respective culturing media at 20,000 cells/mL (except for ZR-75 cells, which were resuspended at 10,000 cells/mL). 50 uL/well (~1000 cells/well) were transferred to sterile tissue culture (TC)-treated 384-well plates (ThermoFisher Scientific, Catalogue # 164610) and incubated overnight at 37 °C with 5% CO2 to allow the cells to adhere to the plate surface. The next day, in a sterile, V-bottom, 96-well plate, test articles were titrated 1:3 in complete growth medium, creating a 10-point dose response titration with compounds at 3.5-times the desired final concentration. A total of 20 uL from each dilution was added to the 384-well plate containing the seeded cells, and these plates were incubated at 37 °C with 5% CO2 for 5 nights. Cell viability was quantified by first incubating with 15 uL/well of CellTiter-Glo (Promega, Catalogue # G7572) for 30 min and then measuring luminescence with a microplate luminometer (BioTek Synergy H1 Microplate Reader). IC50 values were determined by GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software, Sand Diego, CA).